Now, a Bonferroni correction is applied for the number of tests within each row. It doesn't differ significantly from any cells labeled “a”, “b” or both. The frequency of people with a Bachelor’s degree who never married (n = 21 or 25.0%) is labeled both “a” and “b”. This means that 46.2% differs significantly from 16.7%. For those with a Master’s degree, 16.7% never married and its frequency of 9 is not labeled “a”. Within each row, percentages that don't share a subscriptįor example, the percentage of people with middle school who never married is 46.2% and its frequency of n = 18 is labeled “a”. If they don't differ, they get a similar subscript. These also apply to the percentages shown in the table: within each row, each possible pair of percentages is compared using a z-test. These conclusions are based on z-tests for independent proportions. CROSSTABS with Pairwise Z-Tests Outputįirst off, take a close look at the table footnote: “Each subscript letter denotes a subset of Education Level categories whose column proportions do not differ significantly from each other at the. Running this simple syntax results in the table shown below. *bprop = Bonferroni adjusted z-tests for column proportions. crosstabs marit by educ /cells count column bprop. This also creates a contingency table showing both frequencies and column percentages. So let's see if education level and marital status are associated in the first place: we'll run a chi-square independence test with the syntax below. All examples in this tutorial use this data file. The data thus obtained are in edu-marit.sav. Custom Tables with Pairwise Z-Tests OutputĪ sample of N = 300 respondents were asked about their education level and marital status.This tutorial walks you through 2 options for obtaining and interpreting them in SPSS.

Oddly, post hoc tests for the chi-square independence test are not widely used. Most data analysts are familiar with post hoc tests for ANOVA. SPSS Chi-Square Test with Pairwise Z-Tests By Ruben Geert van den Berg under Chi-Square Tests

The square beyond compare